An International Appeal to theUnited States Government and theSecurity Council of the United Nations

Economic sanctions and blockades, as now applied as the weapon of choice by the United States and by the Security Council of the United Nations at the urging of the U.S. and its allies, are weapons of mass destruction directed at a whole people.

These blockades have been used only against poor countries, and while the entire people is punished by their economic impact, the greatest harm is overwhelmingly on the poorest and weakest—infants, children, the chronically ill, and the elderly.

There is no crueler violation of fundamental human rights than this sanctions policy. The case of Iraq has demonstrated that the U.S. and its allies do not stop short of the deliberate creation of a new zone of death and destitution, with thousands of deaths monthly, dehydration, organ failure, and pain without relief, permanent physical or mental disability, and generalized shortening of life.

All humanitarian law from its inception has endeavored to limit violence to combatants, to prevent use of cruel and unfocused weapons, to protect civilians from the scourge of war, and to outlaw the principle of collective punishment. The sanctions policy is clearly a "Crime Against Humanity" as defined under the terms of the Nuremberg Principles. It also clearly violates the Charter of the United Nations, the Geneva Convention and other fundamental documents of contemporary international law.

Ahmed Ben Bella, first President of Algeria • Daniel Ortega, former President of Nicaragua • Clodomiro Almeyda, former Deputy President of Chile • Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici, former Prime Minister of Malta • Romesh Chandra, President, World Peace Council • Roosevelt Douglas, Member of Parliament, Dominica • Ben Dupuy, former Ambassador at Large, Haiti • Sir Gaetan Duval, former Deputy Head of Government of Mauritius • Sheikh Mohammed Rashid, former Deputy Head of Government of Pakistan • Morad Ghaleb, former Foreign Minister of Egypt • Fr. Miguel D'Escoto, former Foreign Minister of Nicaragua • Tony Benn, Member of Parliament, Britain • Ramsey Clark, former Attorney General of the United States • Margarita Papandreou, former First Lady of Greece

The above Appeal was drafted by Ramsey Clark and introduced by the International Commission of Inquiry on Economic Sanctions. It will be submitted to the next UN Security Council session that takes up the continuation of sanctions. To make a contribution and have your name added, please contact: International Action Center, 39 W. 14th St., #206, New York, NY 10011, USA. Tel: (212) 633-6646; fax: (212) 633-2889. The IAC would like to give special thanks and acknowledgment to the signers of the Appeal listed below for their assistance in this project.

Initiators

Kadouri Al-Kaysi, Committee in Support of Iraqi People • Jaime Ballesteros, OSPAAAL, Madrid • Adel Barakat, President Arab American Chamber of Commerce and Professionals • Dr. Arthur W. Clark • Dr. Irma Parhad (Clark), in memoriam • Hillel Cohen • Bean & Alan Finneran • Marion Greene • Kentucky Dominican Family, Center of Ecumenism & Reconciliation • Dr. Khalil Jassem, International Relief Association • Phyllis J. Lucero • Rania Masri, Founder and Coordinator, Iraq Action Coalition • Hugh Stephens, International Commission of Inquiry on Economic Sanctions, Britain

Benefactors and Sponsors

Mohammed Fadhel Jamali, former Prime Minister of Iraq, signer of UN Charter • Assyrian International Committee • Beverly J. Boling • Richard L. Bush-Brown • Irwin Corey • Blandina S. Dutra • Dr. Moneim Fadali • Ken Freeland • Fawzi P. Habboushe and Christa P. Habboushe • Greta P. Iskandrian and Ami E. Iskandrian • Drs. Harvey M. and Salwa E. Parhad

Supporters

Rifat Abousy, M.D., P.A. • Rand Abdul Manam • Lorna Gayle Al-Maini • Carol Blackmon • Margaret Blair, President Emeritus, Gray Panthers of Long Beach • Robert Boehm and Frances Boehm • Berta Burleigh • Joy L. Crocker • Elias Davidsson, Composer • Marina Drummer, LEF Foundation • Rev. Lloyd Duren and Janice Duren • Mr. & Mrs. Sabah N. El-Mutwalli • Gesellschaft für Internationale Verständigung (GIV) • Joseph Gleason • Nada Hamoui • Carol Hicks and Henry Hicks • Dr. Lily P. Hussein • Institute For Economic Justice • Iraqi-American Culture Society, Abdul Zahra Aldulaimi • Just World Trust, Penang, Malaysia • Suzy T. Kane • Casey Kasem • Katharine Kean • Charles Kunkel • Edwin R. Lewinson, Professor Emeritus of History, Seton Hall Univ. • Michael I. Malhas • Dorothea J. McArdle, Anti-War Mother and Grandmother • Rick McCutcheon • Mirjana P. Misic • Nohad Nassif • Michael O. Nimkoff • Yakub A. Patel and Zubeda Y. Patel • Martha M. Peterson and Samuel Robb Peterson • SAFA Trust, Inc. • Ahmed M. Sakkal, M.D. • James Joseph Sanchez, Ph.D. • Ethel M. Sanjines • Stanley Shabaz • Allen Strasburger • Ida Terkel • Abdul S. Thannoun, M.D. • United Campaign in Solidarity with the People of Iran • George H. Weightman, Sociologist, Lehman College

Endorsers

Thomas V. Abowd and Anne Abowd • Fabio Alberti, President of "Bridge to Baghdad" • Salah Al-Askari, M.D. and Catherine Al-Askari • Madiha Al-Hashimi • Dr. Bob Allen and Family • Elaine Allen, M.D. • Genevieve Allen • Madiha Al-Shaikly • Sharon Ayling • Sami Azzu • Ahmad N. Baksh, Barrister and Solicitor • Edith Ballantyne, International President Women's International League for Peace and Freedom • Richard Barsanti • Myron Beldock • Rev. Robert Bossie, S.C.J. • Selma Brackman, War & Peace Foundation • Frieda S. Brown • George H. Brown, M.D. • Casa Maria Catholic Worker Community • Sheila B. Cassidy, Riverside Middle East Research Project • Prof. Carl and Isabel Condit • Polly Connelly, International Representative UAW • Ann Davies • Paul Denit • Mildred Dickemann, Professor of Anthropology Emeritus • Mark Dufault • Alice Dunn • Stephen Dygert • Beatrice Eisman, Chr., U.S.-Vietnam Friendship Association • Kristin Engstrom • Solveig Dale Eskedahl, Int. Help. Hands Ltd. • Leonard Evelev • Ed Everts • Frances T. Farenthold • Leo Greenbaum • Mary Jane Helrich, Peace Activist, Poet • Michèle Homsi • Edna H. Hunt • Philip Isely, Sec't Gen., World Constitution & Parliament Assoc. • Naomi Jaffe • Doris Kaplan • Lydia S. Karhu • Wasim A. Khan • Pat Kohler • Stephen A. Krevisky • Irmgard Lenel • Raymond Leszczak • Jere Locke • Lee Loe • MADRE—For The Children • A. Rauf Mir • Tracy Mott • Amer Mowafi • Faqur Muhammud, M.D. • Karim Mustafa • Thomas J. Nagy • Marjorie Neuse and Richard Neuse • Joan H. Nicholson • Henry and Gertrude Noyes • Prof. Vojin G. Oklobdzija, Professor Univ. of California • Jose Ortega • Jean W. Owen, M.D. & Roger D. Owen, Ph.D. • Portland Peaceworks— Iraq Affinity Group • Iris Prins • Margaret Roemhild and Frank Roemhild • Arthur Rosen • Ed Rothberg • W.G. Sanders • Dr. George D. Sawa • Jack Shulman • Elly Simmons, Artist & John Cook, Energy Planner • Mr. & Mrs. James Smith • Evelyn Stern • Bill Stivers • Sister Eileen Storey, New York House of Prayer • Daniel Switkes, M.D. • Louay Toma, M.D. • Helen L. Travis • Barbara Burnett Vandenhoeck • Dorothy M. Weaver • Barbara Wiedner, Dir., Grandmothers For Peace International • Vera C. Williamson • Ettalee Zelden

Signers

Hosam-Aldeen M. Ahmad • Khalid Akhtar • Frank Alexander • Fakhri, Shinab, Al-Amari • Ruary Allan • Janis Alton • Olga Anderson • Sonia Arnold and Steve Arnold • Joseph Arribi • Emanuel Ashov • Ali Azad • Hayfa Backus • Karl Bernhard • William J. Biega • V. Bjarnason • Barbara Boehme • Dr. Susana Bouquet-Chester • Jeffrey Branner • Fernando Brea • J. Britton & S. Muysenberg • Anthony & Jurate Calise • Kim Calhoun • Canadian Voice of Women for Peace • Kathryn Casa • John Catalinotto • Janice P. Cate • Molly Charboneau • Judi Cheng • Paddy Colligan • Committee in Support of Iraqi People • Bernard Cornut • Leslie E. Craine • Norma Davila • Susan E. Davis • Cathleen Deppe and Alexander Walker • Loni Ding • Yvetta Dober • Gregory Dunkel • Louise Ellis • Emergency Women's Action Committee • Robert English, Cesar Chavez Coalition/UFW Support Cmte. • Nader Entessar • Sharon L. Eolis • Amatullah Essex • Audrey Olsen Faulkner • Bonnie L. Faulkner • Linda Feldman • Steve Ferchak • Irving Fierstein • Willem Flinkenflogel • Lester L. Fuchs • Michael Gambale • John Girton • Teresa Gloster • Irene A. Graf • Lucille Greenfield • Deirdre Griswold • Joseph W. Groves • Phyllis Grunauer • Haiti Support Network • Rashid Hanif • Bobbie Harms • Noshim Hatami • Dennis Herrington • Gertrude Hodess • Azania Howse • Ronald Hube • Hutterian Brethren • International Commission of Inquiry on Economic Sanctions • International Peace for Cuba Appeal • International Relief Association • Joan Intrator • Iraq Action Coalition • Iraqi Cultural Committee • Henry Jackson • Georgina B. Jankovic • Cynthia Johnson • Leonore J. Johnson • Jean Jones • Saadoon Kadir, M.D., and Birte Kadir • Cora E. Kallo • Susette E. Kamell • Joyce Kanowitz • Saul Kanowitz • Judith Karpova • Kathleen Kelly • Harry Kernes • Faroque A. Khan • John Kimber • Ziegfreed Klein • Bill Kong • C. Max Kortepeter • Mary K. Kral • Sam Kramer • Gloria La Riva • Leon Lefson • Denise Levertov • Derek Lovejoy • Dr. K. Mallick, Islamic Medical Association • The Rev. Joyce L. Manson • Elliot Markson • Khalid A. Mawla • Donald M. McPherson • W. Richard Meyers • Nina Miller • Lou Morgan • Serena and James Murray • Riyad Musa • Jon Nardelli • R. Namdar • National People's Campaign • Lyn Neeley • Henri Nereaux • Tony Newman • Rhoda Norman • Seymour Oboler • Michael Parenti, Ph.D. • Keith Pavlik • Harriette Pederson • Rosa Penate • Michael L. Perna • Daniel Phillips • Political Action Islamic Council of America • Dr. Peggy Porder • Ann Prosten • Malik Rahim • Elias Rashmawi • Margaret Richards • Nita M. Renfrew • Guadalupe Rodriguez • Lal Roohk • Elias Sadiq • Chris Sarochin • Johanna Sayre • Catharine F. Seigel and Jules Seigel • Riaz Sheikh • Max Shufer and Shirley Shufer • Mohammed N. Siddiqui • Dulce Silverio • Cleo Silvers • Bob Simpson • Ed Simpson • Lois Singer • Kenneth Small • Larry Small • Francis Steadman • Lucy Stein • Esther Surovell • Dr. Aurangzeb Syed • Luis Talamantez • Nancy C. Tate • Kim Tercero • Samir Twair • Louise Vaughn • Steve Wagner • Jane Welford • David Welsh, Exec. V.P., Letter Carriers Union Local #214 • Laurel West and Karl Zweerink • Nadya Williams • Mr. and Mrs. Theodore Wilson • Women for Mutual Security • Women's Strike for Peace • Jannick Vemmer • Voices in the Wilderness • Afshan Zaffer • Randy Ziglar • Sylvia Zisman • Harry Zitzler and Siham B. Zitzler • Marjolaine Zuchowski

Affiliations listed for identification only.

International Action Center Anti-Sanctions Project 39 W. 14th St., #206; New York, N.Y. 10011.

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